방사선의학 웹진

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그림. 1. 미분화 갑상선암 세포에서 GSK5182의 작용 메커니즘 모식도 (Proposed mechanism of GSK5182 in anaplastic thyroid cancer cells. Schematic representation of GSK5182-induced modulation of NIS function through MAP kinase pathway)​

Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), a rare thyroid cancer with poor prognosis, is associated with insufficient function of the sodium iodide symporter (NIS). Estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) is a member of the orphan nuclear receptors with important functions in cell development and homeostasis. However, there are no reports that demonstrate whether ERRγ is related to NIS function. Here, we evaluated the role of ERRγ in the regulation of NIS function in ATC cells using GSK5182, an inverse agonist of ERRγ.

METHODS:
Two ATC cell lines, BHT-101 and CAL62, were incubated with GSK5182 at various time points and doses. The NIS function in the ATC cells was serially assessed by their uptake of radioiodine. The effects of GSK5182 on ERRγ and the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway, as well as on NIS protein, were evaluated by immunoblot assay. To examine whether the GSK5182-induced NIS functional activity can be affected by inhibition of the MAP kinase pathway, the MAP kinase activity and levels of radioiodine uptake were determined after application of a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor to GSK5182-treated cells. Finally, the cytotoxic effect of (131)I was determined by clonogenic assay.

RESULTS:
Treatment with GSK5182 resulted in dose- and time-dependent increases in iodide uptake in ATC cells, which were accompanied by both the downregulation of ERRγ protein and the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2. Both the increased radioiodine uptake and ERK1/2 activation of ATC cells were completely inhibited by the specific MEK inhibitor. GSK5182 treatment enhanced the membrane localization of NIS in both ATC cell lines. Accordingly, preexposure to GSK5182 enhanced the cytotoxic effects of (131)I treatment in ATC cells.

CONCLUSION:
These findings suggest that the inverse agonist of ERRγ enhances the responsiveness of radioiodine therapy by modulating NIS function in ATC cells via the regulation of ERRγ and the MAP kinase signaling pathway.​

Author information

Singh TD1, Jeong SY1, Lee SW1, Ha JH2, Lee IK3, Kim SH4, Kim J4, Cho SJ4, Ahn BC1, Lee J5, Jeon YH6.​
1Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
2Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
3Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
4New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Korea; and.
5Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Korea; and jeon9014@gmail.com jaetae@knu.ac.kr.
6Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea jeon9014@gmail.com jaetae@knu.ac.kr.