방사선의학 웹진

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Abstract
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a complex brain development disorder characterized by hyperactivity/impulsivity and inattention. A major hypothesis of ADHD is a lag of maturation, which is supported mainly by anatomical studies evaluating cortical thickness. Here, we analyzed changes of topological characteristics of whole-brain metabolic connectivity in twelve SHR rats selected as ADHD-model rats by confirming behavior abnormalities using the marble burying test, open field test, and delay discounting task and 12 Wistar Kyoto rats as the control group, across development from 4 weeks old (childhood) and 6 weeks old (entry of puberty). A topological approach based on graph filtrations revealed a lag in the strengthening of limbic-cortical/subcortical connections in ADHD-model rats. This in turn related to impaired modularization of memory and reward-motivation associated regions. Using mathematical network analysis techniques such as single linkage hierarchical clustering and volume entropy, we observed left-lateralized connectivity in the ADHD-model rats at 6 weeks old. Our findings supported the maturational delay of metabolic connectivity in the SHR model of ADHD, and also suggested the possibility of impaired and compensative reconfiguration of information flow over the brain network.

Author information

Ha S1,2, Lee H1,3, Choi Y1, Kang H1,4, Jeon SJ5, Ryu JH5,6, Kim HJ7, Cheong JH7, Lim S8, Kim BN9, Lee DS10,11.
1
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
2
Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
3
Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
4
BK21 Plus Global Translational Research on Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
5
Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
6
Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
7
Department of Pharmacy, Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
8
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
9
Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. kbn1@snu.ac.kr.
10
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. dsl@plaza.snu.ac.kr.
11
Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. dsl@plaza.snu.ac.kr.