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Abstract
BACKGROUND:
The purpose of the current study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) or PET/computed tomography (PET/CT) for the detection of recurrent disease after treatment of malignant melanoma (MM) through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

METHODS:
The PubMed and EMBASE databases, from the earliest available date of indexing through December 31, 2018, were searched for studies evaluating the diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG-PET or PET/CT for the detection of recurrent disease after treatment of MM. We determined the sensitivities and specificities across studies, calculated positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR+ and LR-), and constructed summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves.

RESULTS:
Across 14 results from 11 studies, the pooled sensi-tivity for 18F-FDG-PET or PET/CT was 0.94 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.90-0.97) with heterogeneity (I2 = 57.95) and a pooled specificity of 0.91 (95% CI 0.88-0.93) without heterogeneity (I2 = 27.24). LR syntheses gave an overall LR+ of 10.4 (95% CI 7.7-14.2) and an LR- of 0.06 (95% CI 0.04-0.11). The pooled diagnostic odds ratio was 162 (95% CI 94-280). The hierarchical SROC curve indicated that the area under the curve was 0.96 (95% CI 0.93-0.97). In meta-regression analysis, no definite variable was the source of the study heterogeneity.

CONCLUSION:
The current meta-analysis showed a high sensitivity and specificity of 18F-FDG-PET or PET/CT for the detection of recurrent disease after treatment of MM. The LR scattergram indicated that 18F-FDG-PET or PET/CT is useful for exclusion and confirmation of recurrent disease after treatment of MM.

Author information

Lee JW1, Nam SB1, Kim SJ2,3,4.
1
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
2
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea, growthkim@daum.net.
3
Biomedical Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea, growthkim@daum.net.
4
Department of Nuclear Medicine, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea, growthkim@daum.net.